Reviewed yesterday during the National Defense and Security Council meeting, the report «Muslim Brotherhood and Political Islam in France» is considered by the Élysée to represent the third phase in the fight against radical Islam—following the 2017 law on strengthening internal security and combating terrorism, and the 2021 law against «separatism». However, several experts have pointed out inaccuracies, conceptual confusion, and a lack of
While the United Nations has adopted the term «Islamophobia» to describe racism based on religious affiliation with Islam, the label is often rejected in France, where Interior Minister Bruno Retailleau views it as carrying Islamist or even Muslim Brotherhood connotations. Yet the term's origins date back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries, rooted more in ethnology than in political ideology.