Ira Zartman, the scholar who bridged Morocco and the United States

In Morocco, American scholar Ira William Zartman is renowned for his pivotal role in strengthening ties between Rabat and Washington. As head of the American Legation in Tangier for over 25 years, he began fostering connections with the kingdom as early as the 1950s. Today, the Tangier citadel, the oldest American building outside the United States, stands as a lasting tribute to a professor who turned academic research into a bridge for cultural and historical exchange across the Atlantic.

Imarat al-Mu’minin vs. Wilayat al-Faqih : The turbulent history of Moroccan-Iranian relations

Morocco and Iran have shared a complex relationship shaped by intellectual exchange, Sufi influence, and failed diplomatic overtures, later compounded by Cold War alliances and ideological tensions. Despite a rich cultural heritage, their ties have repeatedly fractured, most recently in 2018. This article revisits the turbulent history of Moroccan-Iranian relations, tracing their evolution through shifting alliances, rivalries, and ideological fault lines.