Archaeological data shed light on the transition of ancient North African populations from hunter-gatherers to producers, between 20,000 and 4,000 years ago. Following the sequencing of a genome in Morocco, findings from sites in Algeria and Tunisia raise questions about the movements between Asia, Europe, and the Maghreb during the development of the local production culture.
Recent archaeological findings in northern Morocco reveal evidence of a previously unknown farming society from 3400–2900 BC, marking the earliest agricultural complex in Africa outside the Nile corridor. These discoveries suggest the Maghreb played a significant role in shaping Mediterranean and African history during the Neolithic period.